The common chameleon is an arboreal lizard with a range that circumscribes the Mediterranean Sea, occurring in North Africa, the Middle East and extending into Greece, Crete, and southern Spain and Portugal. A charismatic animal, the chameleon is known by its prehensile tail, independently moving eyes, coiled tongue and ability to change colors. Together these traits interact to equip chameleons with extraordinary hunting prowess and social communication tools.