Interannual Forecasting Of Upper Colorado River Flow
Bracken, Cameron W 1 ; Rajagopalan, Balaji 2
1 University of Colorado at Boulder
2 University of Colorado at Boulder
Current operational forecasting methods in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) use antecedent flow and soil moisture conditions, snowpack and climate indices (Brandon, 2005). Experimental methods include large scale climate drivers and obtain similar results (Bracken et al., 2010; Regonda et al., 2006; Grantz et al., 2005). These methods only provide reasonable results in the current season. Longer term information, especially for large reservoirs, is useful to water managers in terms of planning. The annual flow at the outlet of the UCRB, Lees Ferry, is very difficult to model with traditional time series methods (AR, KNN, MC, etc.) due to its low autocorrelation. Hidden markov models (hmm) provide a flexible and attractive alternative to more traditional approaches. We use HMM's to generate forecast distributions for recent years (1980-2010). These methods give insight into the driving patterns behind UCRB flow and show increased skill over climatology and AR models in certain cases.
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